![]() ![]() Third, when the source is infinitely far away (i.e., p is infinite), parallel beams are incident on a lens, and q = f. This corresponds to a situation in which rays from a point source are collimated into parallel propagation. Second, when the object is f away from the lens, then q is infinite. Note that this configuration is the minimum image-object separation ( p + q = 4 f ) with which an image can be formed. First, when p = q, then both the object and image are 2 f from the lens. Three important instances of equation (1), depicted in Figure 3, should be kept in mind. U and U' are the principal planes, light being assumed to be incident from the left. What is the relation between f and R, the radius of the spherical lens?Īdvanced Undergraduate Physics Laboratory Lenses 3 Figure 2: Principle planes of common types of lens: (a) double-convex (b) plano-convex (c) convergent meniscus (d) double-concave (e) plano-concave (f) divergent meniscus. As an exercise, show that the front and back focal planes of the spherical lens are at one radius from its center, i.e., tangent to the front and back surfaces. ![]() Rays going through a lens or lens system, with front principal plane FP, back principal plane BP, and focal length f marked. It should simply be a matter of finding the correct principle planes (see Figure 1)! This is the hypothesis that you should try to test. The fundamental assumption of equations (1) and (2) is that each lens has a characteristic focal length f, with which you can predict the image location and magnification given any object location p. The magnification M of the object is given by the ratio M = − q p, (2) where the minus sign reflects the fact that the image is inverted with respect to the object. The relationship between the image distance q, object distance p, and focal length f is given by the thin lens law 1 f = 1 p + 1 q, (1) where these quantities are specified with respect to the principle planes of the lens as described in Figure 1. In so doing, you will get a chance to review quantitative methods of testing a hypothesis using Chi Squared. Objectives Primarily, the goal of this lab is to test the thin lens law, using experimental measurements from several lenses. Advanced Undergraduate Physics Laboratory Lenses 2 Part I. ![]()
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